| Structure and Function of Biomolecules | MMLT 101-18 | Understand the occurence, structure, properties and functions of homoglycans and heteroglycans | Understand the different parameters such as solubility, shape, synthesis of proteins to demonstrate its different structural levels, functions and classification | Understand properties and significance of nucleosides and nucleotides to explain the structures of DNA and RNA | Understand the physiochemical properties, structure,classification,chemistry, biological roles of different fats and oils along with salient features of plant and animal lipids. | Understand different structures and biological functions of vitamins along with their deficiency diseases and daily requirements. |
| Analytical and physical Biochemistry | MMLT 102-18 | Understand use of electrolytes and Henderson- Hasselbalch equation to determine concept of buffer system in exploring Respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis | Understand the transportation of solute and solvents on basis of solubility, size, charge and binding affinity with/without involvement of ATP across the membrane using the concept of dialysis and osmosis. | Understand the biomedical importance of viscosity and surface tension | Understand the concept of Biological Oxidation & Bioenergetics in redox reactions. | Apply the techniques such as RIA, different enzyme immune assays including ELISA, MEIA, FPIA and Chemiluminescence& Bioluminescence in Clinical Biochemistry |
| Fundamentals of Enzymology | MMLT 103-18 | Understand the Nomenclature, Classification and Characteristics of enzymes and role of Enzyme specificity, Cofactors, Co-enzyme etc on enzyme function | Understand the Mechanism of Enzyme Action | Understand the enzyme kinetics its catalysis and inhibition | Demonstate the clinical use of enzymes | |
| Intermediary Metabolism- I | MMLT 104-18 | Understand the Importance of key enzymes of regulation in Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway and gluconeogenesis and regulation in clinical biochemistry. | Understand Digestion and absorption of the carbohydrate by studying Metabolism of glycogen, galactose and fructose, glyoxylate cycle, Cori cycle and anaplerotic reactions. | Understand the basic concept of Biosynthesis and Oxidation of fatty acids, Metabolism of triglycerides, phospholipids and sphingolipids and errors in lipid metabolism. | Understand biosynthesis of Cholesterol in human body and Formation, utilization, excretion of ketone bodies and its clinical significance. | Understand the Structure F1F0 ATPase and role of electron capture and Electron transfer reactions in mitochondria for synthesis of ATP and mechanism of action of Inhibitors of respiratory chain and regulation of Oxidative phosphorylation. |
| Structure and Function of Biomolecules | MMLT105-18 | Understand the mechanism of colour reaction of carbohydrate and proteins. | Apply various methods for determination of Vit C, Iron in food stuff. | Apply diethyldithiocarbamate method for determination of copper in Serum. | Examine quantity and quality of sugars by various methods (Analyze). | Evaluate determination of protein, acid value, saponification and iodine number in given sample. |
| Analytical and physical Biochemistry | MMLT 106-18 | Understanding the preparation of a variety of solutions, including normal, molar, and molal solutions and demonstrating a strong grasp of the principles of solution concentration. | Understanding the preparation of buffers and accurate measurement of pH, ensuring the ability to maintain stable pH conditions in various experimental setups using indicators and pH meter. | understanding the principles and applications of radioimmunoassay techniques for hormone determination and (ELISA) procedures for gaining hands-on experience in immunological detection. | understanding of the fundamental principles of osmosis and dialysis, including their applications in separation and purification processes. | Apply the titrations with both strong and weak acids, pKa values and the behaviour of weak acids and bases, enabling them to predict and analyse chemical reactions involving acid-base equilibria. |
| Fundamentals of Enzymology | MMLT 107-18 | Demonstrate the effect of substrate concentration, pH, Enzyme conc. And temperature on enzyme acticvity. | Determine the methods of amylase, lipase, lactate dehdrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase | Apply the Assay to detrmine acid & alkaline Phosphatase activity and calculation of specific activity | Apply the method for Extraction, partial purification and characterization of an enzyme | |
| Subject Name | Subject code: | CO1 | CO2 | CO3 | CO4 | CO5 |
| Biochemical Techniques | MMLT 201-18 | Understand concepts of spectroscopy and colorimetry. | Understand the principles and instrumentation of various Ultracentrifugation techniques and the concept of radioactivity. | Understand various Chromatographic and Electrophoretic techniques and their applications. | Apply Principles of Chromatographic and Electrophoretic techniques in separation of various biomolecules. | Apply the concept of flow cytometric technique to analyse chemical and physical characteristics of cells & particles. |
| Clinical Biochemistry-I | MMLT 202-18 | Understand scope of clinical biochemistry in diagnosis, use of clinical laboratory and interpretation of results. | Understand biochemistry of urine, blood and cerebrospinal fluid, normal and abnormal constituents and clinical entities in body fluids. | Applying the knowledge of normal and abnormal constituents in body fluids to study the disorders of metabolism i.e. disorders of carbohydarte metabolism, lipid, amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism | Applying the concept of interrelation of pharmacology and biochemistry to study drug detoxification, host-drug interactions, molecular mechanism of action of drugs, medicinal chemistry | Applying the concepts of rDNA techniques to study generation of new pharmaceutical modalities: recombinant vaccines, recombinant enzymes, monoclonal antibodies, hormones, introduction to gene therapy, bio-nanotechnology |
| Intermediary Metabolism-II | MMLT 203-18 | Understand the metabolism of amino acids including transamination, deamination, urea cycle along with the disorder of metabolism of amino acids. | Understand the basic structure of heme, its catabolism and formation of bilirubin in the body. | Understand the regulation of nucleotide biosynthesis. | Identify the cause of disorders of hemoglobin and red cells (Apply). | Identify the disorders of porphyrins along with its types (Apply). |
| General Physiology & Organ Function Test | MMLT 204-18 | Understand the digestion and Absorption of food | Undesatnd the mechanism of Respiration | Understand Chemistry of blood coagulation and coagulation disorders | Understand Minerals and their role in nutrition in health and disease | Understand various organ function test |
| Biochemical Techniques | MMLT 205-18 | Understand Principles and procedures of Chromatography & spectroscopy. | Apply Chromatographic techniques in separation of amino acids and proteins. | Apply Electrophoretic techniques in separation of serum proteins. | Analyse various biomolecules using various techniques. | Evaluate various biomolecules using chromatography and spectroscopy. |
| Clinical Biochemistry-I | MMLT 206-18 | Understand the principles and methodologies used for the estimation and standardization of various biochemical components | Acquire proficiency in performing laboratory techniques and assays for the accurate estimation of these biochemical components in different biological samples. | Apply quality control measures and standardization techniques to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the mentioned components. | Interpret and analyze the quantitative and qualitative analysis of urine, including random and 24-hour samples, for various biochemical components. | |
| General Physiology & Organ Function Test | MMLT 207-18 | understanding of the principles, methodologies, and techniques used in various diagnostic tests | Understand the clinical significance of abnormal results in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing various health conditions, and make informed decisions based on the diagnostic test outcomes. | Apply quality control measures, standardization techniques, and appropriate quality assurance protocols to ensure reliable and accurate diagnostic results. | Interpret and analyze the results of these diagnostic tests, recognizing normal ranges and deviations from normal levels. | Acquire proficiency in performing laboratory procedures and assays for the accurate analysis of these diagnostic tests in different biological samples. |
| Clinical Biochemistry-II | MMLT 301-18 | Develop a comprehensive understanding of the principles, methodologies, and techniques used in the estimation of biological materials, enzymes, minerals, hormones, vitamins, and other substances. | Acquire proficiency in performing laboratory procedures and assays for the accurate estimation of various biological materials, enzymes, minerals, hormones, vitamins, and other substances. | Interpret and analyze the normal range values of these components in different biological samples, such as blood serum, plasma, urine, and tissues, and recognize deviations from normal levels. | Demonstrate the ability to apply quality control measures, standardization techniques, and appropriate quality assurance protocols to ensure reliable and accurate estimation results. | Evaluate and understand the clinical implications of abnormal levels of these components in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing various health conditions, and make informed decisions based on the estimation results. |
| Applied molecular biology | Subject code: MMLT302-18 | Understand the organization and structure of genome, regulation and expression of genes. | Understand various tools and enzymes used in genetic engineering, mRNA Cloning and gene libraries. | Understand mutation, its types and their application. | Understand the basic techniques for the isolation and quantification of nucleic acids, DNA sequencing DNA finger printing, Polymerase chain reaction, site directed mutagenesis, Transformation, Transfection. | Apply the knowledge of recombinant DNA technology in medicines and in forensic science. |
| Statistics and clinical biochemistry Laboratory management | MMLT 303-18 | Understand the importance of statistical methods, collection, classification and presentation of data, polulation, sample and sampling techniques | Analyze data averages, mean, median, mode, variance and standard deviation, additivity of means and variance | Analyze data averages, mean, median, mode, variance and standard deviation, additivity of means and variance, Correlation and regression | Understand quality control, quality assurance, storage of chemicals,care and maintenace of lab apparatus, calibration of lab appatus | Collection, preservation, trainsportation of clinical samples, handling and disposal of infected, radioavtive and dangerous materials, safety measures, protocol develepment for accreditation of clinical biochemistry lab |
| Automation in the clinical Biochemistry Laboratory | Subject code- MMLT 304-18 | Understand various types of auto analyzers: Semi automated, fully automated analyzers, reagents and kits for auto analyzers, quality assurance, quality control, validation of machine and sources of error | Outline the principle, procedure and maintenance of ELISA reader & washer, Colorimeter and Spectrophotometer. | Understand the basic mechanism of flow cytometer and its use in cancer marker detection, Tumor markers: CEA, AFP (α-β proteins), Vacutainers and Cold Chain refrigeration. | Illustrate the main features of Chemiluminiscence, PCR/RTPCR and different laboratory centrifuges. | Demonstrate the salient features of Serum and urine electrophoresis |
| Clinical Biochemistry-II | Subject code- MMLT 305-18 | Understanding of the principles, methodologies, and techniques for the determination of various components, including electrolytes, amylase, LH, FSH, prolactin, progesterone, estrogens, corticosteroids, and hormones, | Acquire proficiency in performing laboratory procedures and assays for the accurate determination of these components in different biological samples. | Interpret and analyze the normal range values of these components in tissues and clinical conditions, and identify deviations from normal levels. | Apply quality control measures, standardization techniques, and appropriate quality assurance protocols to ensure reliable and accurate determination results. | Evaluate and understand the clinical implications of abnormal levels of these components in diagnosing, monitoring, and managing various health conditions, and make informed decisions based on the determination results. |
| Automation in the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory | Subject code- MMLT 306-18 | Understand various types of auto analyzers: Semi automated, fully automated analyzers, reagents and kits for auto analyzers, quality assurance, quality control, validation of machine and sources of error | Outline the principle, procedure and maintenance of ELISA reader & washer, Colorimeter and Spectrophotometer. | Understand the basic mechanism of flow cytometer and its use in cancer marker detection, Tumor markers: CEA, AFP (α-β proteins), Vacutainers and Cold Chain refrigeration. | Illustrate the main features of Chemiluminiscence, PCR/RTPCR and different laboratory centrifuges. | Demonstrate the salient features of Serum and urine electrophoresis |
| Statistics and clinical biochemistry Laboratory management | MMLT 307-18 | Demonstrate the use of statistical methods in quality control of biochemistry parameters and sampling techniques | Understand sample storage, transportation, safety, sample handling and third party qualty control, first aid and emergency facilities in laboratory | Standardization of Volumetric apparatus, photometer, spectrometer. | Understand the principle for preparation of protein free filtrates of blood and to separate serum from clotted blood. | Understand the procedure for Calibration of instruments used in routine biochemistry lab. |
